🦠 Rabies Immunoglobulin (RIG) - Essential for Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)
**Rabies immunoglobulin (RIG)** is equally important as **vaccination** in **Category 3 exposures**, which include:
- Transdermal **scratches/bites**.
- Contamination of **mucous membranes**.
- Animal **licks on broken skin**.
Previously, we had **equine RIG** and **human RIG**, both of which had limitations:
- 🐎 **Equine RIG** - Risk of **significant hypersensitivity**.
- 🧬 **Human RIG** - **Limited availability & high cost**.
However, **monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)** have proven to be a **game changer** in **post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)**.
In India, **Rabishield** and **Twinrab** are the two brands available for **mAb-based RIG**.
💉 How & When to Administer Rabies Immunoglobulin (RIG)?
**RIG should be administered immediately** along with the **rabies vaccine** but using a **separate syringe**.
- **Majority of RIG** must be **infiltrated at the wound site**.
- If **excess remains**, administer **intramuscularly (IM)** at a **distant site**.
⏳ Why is Passive Immunization Needed?
Since **active immunity** takes time after vaccination, **passive immunization with RIG neutralizes the virus** in the early phase.
🕒 When Should RIG Be Given?
- **Preferably with the first dose of the vaccine (Day 0).**
- Can be **given later**, but **not after 1 week** (as it may suppress immune response development).
📅 Rabies Vaccine Schedule
**Regular vaccination schedule for immunocompetent individuals**:
- 💉 **4 doses on** Day **0, 3, 7, 14**.
**For immunosuppressed individuals**:
- 💉 An **additional dose** on **Day 28** is required.
**For those who previously had PEP**:
- 🚫 **RIG is NOT indicated.**
- 💉 **Only 2 doses** on **Day 0 and Day 3** are sufficient.
📢 Key Takeaways
- ✔ **RIG is essential for Category 3 exposures**.
- ✔ **Administer with the first vaccine dose** (Day 0) when possible.
- ✔ **Use monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) like Rabishield & Twinrab**.
- ✔ **Follow proper vaccine schedules based on immunocompetence.**
📢 Stay Connected
Get connected with us on social networks!